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What is A black hole is a cration of gravitation .it is thus logical to start the account of the discovery of black hole at the time of isaac newton.who discoverd the law of universal gravitation .this law determine the force acting on absoulutley everthing.all other tyes of physical interacton. the electric field acts only on charged godies while neeutral ones are perfectly indiffrent to it , gravitation is the only ineraction that reifns supreme in nature, it acts on everythings. on small mass and large mass particles in precisely the same wayif initial con ditions are identical even on light. newton hypothesized that light is atreactedt massive bodies. it is with the understanding of the fac that light is also subject to gravitational force that the early history of black hole begins. the histoty of prediction of their astonishing properies.
one of the firs scientists to come up with the predication was the famous french mathematician and astronomer piere laplace an illustrious personality in the history of science. first and foremost .he was the author of the enormous five volume treatise on celestial mechanics. this work written and published over a period from 1798 to1825 presented the classical theory of motion of bodies in the solar system .based solely on the law of universal gravitaiton.
before that .some observed peculiarities in the motion of planets the moon.and other bodies of the solar system could not completlyunderstood .it even seemed that they contradicted newton s law elegant mathematical analysis performed by laplace proved that all these finer point are caused by the mutual attractionof celestial bodies .by the effects of the gravitationo of planets on the motion of other planets e assertd that the only force reigning in the skies is the force of gravitation.in the prefce to his treatise.laplace wote that from the most gernal standpoint astronomy is the grand plablme in mechanics .now firmly rooted in the language of science.
einstein was abl eto show that newton.s theory of gravitation is not valid for such fields .ad deveoped a new theory .valid for superstrong and for rapidly varyuing fields for which netwton s theory fails completely this theory is known as general relativity .if we want ot prove that black hole can exist and to study thier proerties it is this theory that we have use as the tool.
general relativity is an astonishingly beautiful theory.it iis tso profoud and elegant that everyone mastering it cannot but feel aesthetic delight.the soviet physicist lev landas and evgeny lifshitz wrote in their textboo the classical theory of fields that it is the most beautiful of all existing physical theorise..